Invasive approaches in operative dentistry, focusing on techniques such as restorations and selective carries removal
Dr Ahsan Ali, Iqra Ejaz, Dr Muhammad Abdul Wajid Khan, Dr Ejaz Hussain Sahu, Dr Jayyad Salim Awal, Dr. Fariha Naz, Kashif Lodhi
Pharmacology (2024) Volume 109, Issue 1: 18–26
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Every dentist’s main goal is to preserve the healthy set of the natural teeth of the patient. The primary goal of all the work done in the health sector is the preservation of body of human and its functions. Even the loss of a minor portion of a finger or toe is deemed tragic by the surgeon, despite the fact that the patient will still have nine more. Similar to how losing even a small portion of tooth of human must be treated as the serious injury that should not be taken lightly, the teeth are unquestionably deserving of most meticulous restoration.1 The main idea in contemporary technique to the role of dentist in the treatment of the dental caries is that damage of even small portion of the teeth of human must be considered as the injury, and the goal of the dentistry must be the preservation of the natural, and healthy structure of tooth. A study summarised this concept in their statement.2 Given our current state of scientific knowledge and our ability to carry out his vision, his comments may be even more pertinent now than they were fifty years ago. The dental science of identifying, the diagnosing, preventing, and the treating of the dental caries at the microscopic level is the component of the minimally intrusive method of treating the dental caries. In addition to a number of nonsurgical treatment options, the fundamental idea behind this strategy for treating dental caries is that it should be treated like an infectious condition. Dental caries, an infectious, contagious illness brought on by oral biofilm, dental plaque, and exposure to fermentable carbohydrates, has long been recognised as such. When fermentable carbohydrates are present, plaque bacteria release acid. As a result of acid dissolving, calcified portion of the dental hard tissues, the infection results, followed by the gradual structural loss of the teeth, the pulpal disease, as well as ultimately the teeth loss. In past, the method used to cure caries by dentistry was the surgical removal of the diseased tissue and the replacement with the material for dental restorative. Given frequency of sickness, the disease process’s understanding, limitations of the materials at our disposal, and dearth of effective therapeutics alternative, this approach was required.3,4 Dentists had historically had difficulty preserving tooth structure due to a lack of knowledge about the process of caries and their shortcomings in materials of restoration that were readily available. The capacity to recognise the earliest symptoms of disease is another significant restriction that will continues to influence decisions for restoration rather than continuously monitoring carious lesions. When used to identify caries, dental radiography and visual inspection are not accurate enough. In order to completely integrate innovative methods for management of the dental caries, the researches are ongoing for enhanceing the methods of the earlier caries diagnosis.1 Additionally, novel caries care techniques that distinguish between individuals with various caries risk categories have been created.5 Dentistry must accept that no strategy will be effective in stopping additional caries activity, including fluoridation and preventing the micro-leakage of bacteria in between the tooth and repair. Patients must be actively involved in the management of their conditions by their dentists. All restorative operations must thus only be occurred in the conjunction with the clear preventative measures and education of patient.6 It is now possible for dentists to perform procedures other than just removing and replacing damaged tissue because to the advent of the adhesive dentistry and the advances in our caries’s understanding. The concept of “minimally intrusive dentistry” has replaced the idea of “extension for prevention,” as evidenced by revised the model of the care which have been updated from the presented by a study 5 and incorporates following ideas: